Characteristic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Characteristics) Jump to: navigation, searchCharacteristic (from the Greek word for a property Property is any physical or intangible entity that is owned by a person or jointly by a group of persons. Depending on the nature of the property, an owner of property has the right to consume, sell, rent, mortgage, transfer, exchange or destroy their property, and/or to exclude others from doing these things. Important widely recognized types of or attribute (= trait) of an entity An entity is something that has a distinct, separate existence, though it need not be a material existence. In particular, abstractions and legal fictions are usually regarded as entities. In general, there is also no presumption that an entity is animate. Entities are used in system developmental models that display communications and internal[citation needed]) may refer to:
In physics and engineering, any characteristic curve that shows the relationship between certain input and output parameters, for example:
- An I-V or current-voltage characteristic A current–voltage characteristic is a relationship, typically represented as a chart or graph, between an electric current and a corresponding voltage, or potential difference is the current in a circuit as a function of the applied voltage
- Receiver operating characteristic In signal detection theory, a receiver operating characteristic , or simply ROC curve, is a graphical plot of the sensitivity, or true positives, vs. (1 − specificity), or false positives, for a binary classifier system as its discrimination threshold is varied. The ROC can also be represented equivalently by plotting the fraction of true
In navigation:
- Light characteristic, pattern of a lighted beacon
In mathematics:
- The characteristic In mathematics, the characteristic of a ring R, often denoted char, is defined to be the smallest number of times one must use the ring's multiplicative identity element (1) in a sum to get the additive identity element ; the ring is said to have characteristic zero if this repeated sum never reaches the additive identity. That is, char(R) is the of a ring R is a number that describes what happens to integers when interpreted in R
- A characteristic function usually means the indicator function of a subset, though the term has other meanings in specific domains
- The characteristic polynomial In linear algebra, one associates a polynomial to every square matrix: its characteristic polynomial. This polynomial encodes several important properties of the matrix, most notably its eigenvalues, its determinant and its trace in linear algebra is a polynomial associated to a square matrix
- The Euler characteristic In mathematics, and more specifically in algebraic topology and polyhedral combinatorics, the Euler characteristic is a topological invariant, a number that describes a topological space's shape or structure regardless of the way it is bent. It is commonly denoted by χ (Greek letter chi) is a topological invariant
- A characteristic subgroup In mathematics, particularly in the area of abstract algebra known as group theory, a characteristic subgroup is a subgroup that is invariant under all automorphisms of the parent group. Because conjugation is an automorphism, every characteristic subgroup is normal, though not every normal subgroup is characteristic. Examples of characteristic in group theory is a subgroup that is invariant under all automorphisms
- A characteristic curve In mathematics, the method of characteristics is a technique for solving partial differential equations. Typically, it applies to first-order equations, although more generally the method of characteristics is valid for any hyperbolic partial differential equation. The method is to reduce a partial differential equation to a family of ordinary associated with a partial differential equation
- The characteristic of a common logarithm The common logarithm is the logarithm with base 10. It is also known as the decadic logarithm, named after its base. It is indicated by log10, or sometimes Log(x) with a capital L (however, this notation is ambiguous since it can also mean the complex natural logarithmic multi-valued function). On calculators it is usually "log", but is its integer part.
In fiction:
- Another name for ability score in Dungeons & Dragons[1]
References
- ^ Livingstone, Ian (1982). Dicing with Dragons. Routledge. pp. 71–80. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 0710094663.
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